Алкендердің қосылу реакциялары. Химия, 10 сынып, қосымша материал.

ELECTROPHILIC ADDITION

Alkenes are susceptible to attack by

electrophiles (lone pair acceptors).

This is because the C=C double bond is very electron rich due to the electron cloud of the  bond.

In an addition reaction, the C=C double bond opens up and an atom or group of atoms joins onto each C of the C=C double bond.

During the mechanism, a carbocation is formed. Where more than one carbocation can be formed, the main product will be formed from the more stable carbocation. In general:

 tertiary >secondary >primary carbocationcarbocationcarbocation

most stableleast stable

Reagent

Conditions

What happens

Overall equation

Mechanism

electrophilic addition

:Br-

Example 1

Reagent

Conditions

What happens

Overall equation

Mechanism

electrophilic addition

:

Br-

Example 3

Example 4